Process and apparatus for improving combustion in explosive-engines



W. W. HALES AND A. HINE. PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR IMPROVING COMBUSTIONIN EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

' APPIICATION FILED MAR. 26. 1920.

1,391,630. N PatentedSept. 20,1921.

Q I Q k) l N Q Q Q r qw/ms s & mmvrons A/wf #4151,

A TTORNEXS UNITED STATES. PATENT OFFICE.

WALTER WILLIAM nALrs, OF'NEW YORK, AND ARTHUR HINE, or CEDARH'URST, NEWYORK; sAn) HINE ASSIGNOB T SAID HALES. 1

rnoonss AND APPARATUS roamrnovmo COMBUSTION m EXPLQsIVE-ENGIIZTESpecification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 20, 1921.

Application fild March 26, 1920. Serial No. 369,148.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, VALTER W. HALES and ARTHUR HINE, both citizens ofthe i United States, and residents, respectively,

of the city of New York, borough of Manhattan, in the county and Stateof New York, and of Cedarhurst, in the county of Nassau and State of NewYork, have invented a new and Improved Process and Apparatus forImproving Combustion 1n Explosive-Engines, of which the following is afull, clear, and exact description This invention relates to means forimproving the combustion of fuel in explosive engines of all kinds, andhas .reference more particularly to a process and apparatus for thepurpose indicated, which consists in introducing ozonized air, ozonizedoxygen, or ozone into the cylinders of an explosive engine along withthe vaporized fuel mixture.

It is a well-known fact that. the exhaust gases issuing from internalcombustion or explosive engines carries a high percentage of carbonmonoxid often amounting to as much as fifteen to twenty-five per cent.This carbon monoxid indicates that'the fuel is incompletely burned, andtherefore, a.

large amount of heat which should be used, is wasted. The combustion canbe somewhat improved by increasing the percentage of air in theexplosive mixture introduced into the cylinders of the engine, but ithas been 'found that beyond certain limits it is impracticable tointroduce a higher percentage of air. When carbon burns with incompletecombustion so that carbon monoxid is formed, the following reactiontakes place:

C-l-O:CO+29,650 calories.

WVhen carbon monoxid burns with sufiicient oxygen present, carbon dioxidis formed according to the following reaction:

CO+0=CO,+68,000 calories.

or ozone along with the explosive mixture vnating current of f1 1e lsince ozone is a much more active oxidizlng agent thanatmosphericoxygen, and therefore, all the carbon monoxid will becompletely burned to carbon dioxid, with a resulting increasedefficiency of the engme. The introduction of ozone into the cylinders ofan explosive or internal combustlon engine will also prevent theformation of elementary carbon on the walls of the cylinders, thepiston, and the spark plugs, so that the engine will continue to operateefliciently through long periods of time Without necessitating cleaningthe spark plugs or regrinding the valves of said engine. The elementarycarbon in said cylinders and on said spark plugs and valves may also beremoved by passing ozone, ozon-. 1zed air, or ozon1zed-oxygen'.1nto saidcylinders along with the vaporized fuel.

lVhile any suitable apparatus may be used for accomplishing the aboveresult, we have lnvented an apparatus which is disclosed in theaccompanying drawing, in which the figure is a side elevation of theapparatus.

Referring to the accompanying drawings by numerals, 10 indicates anyexplosive or internal combustion engine provided with cylinders 11, anda vaporized fuel intake manifold 12, through which the vaporized fuel isadmitted to'the cylinders.- A carbureter 13 is provided on said manifold12, which vaporizes the fuel and mixes it with air as it enters saidmanifold, and the explosive mixture is drawn into the cylinders on thesuction stroke of the pistons. The engine 10 includes a fiy wheel 14mounted on a crank shaft 15, and any standard alterenerator 16 may besecured to said crank s aft so as, to generate an alternating current ofelectricity as said engine operates. The current of electricity isdelivered to any standard transformer 17 by means of an electricalcircuit 18, and said transformer steps up the voltage of said currentand delivers it through an electrical circuit 19 to any, standard ozonemachine 20. This ozone machine is connected by a pipe 21, to themanifold 12, and said pipe includes a valve or cock 22. The pressureinsidethe manifold 12 is below atmospheric pressure so that air is drawninto an intake pipe 23 on the ozone machine, through said ozone machine,through the pipe 22 and into said manifold. The flow of the ozonized air10 tical embodiment of our invention, we do into said manifoldcontrolled vby means of' the valve 22. Instead of passing air throughsaid ozone machine, pure oxygen may be introduced into the intake pipe23 5 from any oxygen container or other source of oxygen supply. We mayalso" supply ozone to said manifold 12 from any source other than theapparatus vshown.

- We would state'in conclusion that while the illustrated exampleconstitutes a pracnot limit ourselves strictl to the mechanical detailsherein illustrat since manifestly the same may beconsiderably variedwith- 15 out departure from the spirit of the invention as defined inthe appended claim.

manifold, a plpe connected said m anifold, 20

means for introducing vaporized fuel and air into said manifold, anozone machine ,connected to said pipe, an alternating cfi'r-' rent"generator operated by said eng1ne,'-"atrans alternating current*thereto, and connecting means between said transformer and said ozonemachine for supplying a high voltage alternating current to sald ozonemachine.

WALTER WILLIAM HALES.

ARTHUR HINE.

ormer '"means .connectingf-said genera-j tor to said transformer" forsupplying an

